PlantTFDB
PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0
Plant Transcription Factor Database
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(e.g., LFY)
Transcription Factor Information
Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence | 
Basic Information? help Back to Top
TF ID HL.SW.v1.0.G045209.1
Organism
Humulus lupulus
Taxonomic ID
Taxonomic Lineage
cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; fabids; Rosales; Cannabaceae; Humulus
Family AP2
Protein Properties Length: 528aa    MW: 58461.4 Da    PI: 7.0232
Description AP2 family protein
Gene Model
Gene Model ID Type Source Coding Sequence
HL.SW.v1.0.G045209.1genomeHOPBASEView CDS
Signature Domain? help Back to Top
Signature Domain
No. Domain Score E-value Start End HMM Start HMM End
1AP253.36.8e-17176225155
                   AP2   1 sgykGVrwdkkrgrWvAeIrdpsengkr.krfslgkfgtaeeAakaaiaarkkleg 55 
                           s+y+GV++++++grW+++I+d      + k+++lg f+ta  Aa+a+++a+ k++g
  HL.SW.v1.0.G045209.1 176 SQYRGVTFYRRTGRWESHIWD------CgKQVYLGGFDTAHAAARAYDRAAIKFRG 225
                           78*******************......55************************997 PP
2AP243.76.7e-14268318155
                   AP2   1 sgykGVrwdkkrgrWvAeIrdpsengkrkrfslgkfgtaeeAakaaiaarkkleg 55 
                           s+y+GV+ +k  grW+A+   +     +k+++lg f+t+ eAa+a+++a+ k +g
  HL.SW.v1.0.G045209.1 268 SKYRGVTLHK-CGRWEARMGQF--L-GKKYVYLGLFDTEIEAARAYDKAAIKCNG 318
                           89********.7******5553..2.26**********99**********99776 PP
Protein Features ? help Back to Top
3D Structure
Database Entry ID E-value Start End InterPro ID Description
SuperFamilySSF541711.37E-15176234IPR016177DNA-binding domain
PfamPF008476.2E-9176225IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PROSITE profilePS5103217.701177233IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
CDDcd000183.38E-11177232No hitNo description
SMARTSM003807.1E-32177239IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
Gene3DG3DSA:3.30.730.105.0E-17177233IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
SuperFamilySSF541714.58E-17268328IPR016177DNA-binding domain
PfamPF008471.4E-9268318IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
CDDcd000183.02E-25268328No hitNo description
SMARTSM003801.3E-31269332IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PROSITE profilePS5103215.659269326IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
Gene3DG3DSA:3.30.730.102.7E-16269326IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PRINTSPR003676.7E-6270281IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PRINTSPR003676.7E-6308328IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term GO Category GO Description
GO:0006355Biological Processregulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0010073Biological Processmeristem maintenance
GO:0010093Biological Processspecification of floral organ identity
GO:0048316Biological Processseed development
GO:0048481Biological Processplant ovule development
GO:0003677Molecular FunctionDNA binding
GO:0003700Molecular Functiontranscription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence    Length: 528 aa     Download sequence    Send to blast
MWDLNDCPDQ RRDDESEGCS SQKTSVDGDD EKGKRVGSVS NSSSSAVVIE DGSDEEYGIG  60
GGRTMMKKRG SNSKIFGFSV THNELEEDCS METDIPPVTR NFFPVEESEM GASSIVVGGG  120
ADVGAGNIVD GFPRAAWVGV KFCQSDSLGP GPGKSSSMEV SQPMKKSRRG PRSRSSQYRG  180
VTFYRRTGRW ESHIWDCGKQ VYLGGFDTAH AAARAYDRAA IKFRGVEADI NFSLEDYEED  240
LKKMSNLTKE EFVHVLRRQS TGFPRGSSKY RGVTLHKCGR WEARMGQFLG KKYVYLGLFD  300
TEIEAARAYD KAAIKCNGKD AVTNFDPSIY ESELNSPVEN SSPGNSSNLT DHNLDLSLGN  360
AIISNNKQNN YVTTSATHHG LMDHQPNSMP FETDWRNPGF RPKVNSGDTM RRDGYQLENE  420
TMQLLSRTHL QSPANYNNNN NNQIIRRPGV DHHHHRNPIQ IHHPINYHPN HHQHHHNNVQ  480
FPSSSNVGGR NNNHGSGSGD PLSPMAIQLF PTTACNCCSI IRIPTAD*
Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniProtProbable transcriptional activator that promotes early floral meristem identity (PubMed:7919989). Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem (PubMed:1675158). Plays a central role in the specification of floral identity, particularly for the normal development of sepals and petals in the wild-type flower, by spatially controlling the expression domains of multiple floral organ identity genes (PubMed:1675158, PubMed:23034631). Acts as A class cadastral protein by repressing the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS in association with other repressors like LEUNIG and SEUSS (PubMed:1675158). Directly represses AGAMOUS by recruiting the transcriptional corepressor TOPLESS and the histone deacetylase HDA19 (PubMed:23034631). It is also required during seed development (PubMed:1675158). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1675158, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23034631, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7919989}.
Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniProtINDUCTION: Negatively regulated by the C class floral homeotic protein AGAMOUS in stamens and carpels. MicroRNA 172 (miRNA172) negatively regulates APETALA2 at the translational level and may modulate its expression pattern. Seems not to be influenced by jasmonate and Alternaria brassicicola. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12805630, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12893888, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14555699}.
Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source Upstream Regulator Target Gene
PlantRegMapRetrieve-
Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source Hit ID E-value Description
RefseqXP_010109804.10.0floral homeotic protein APETALA 2
SwissprotP479271e-129AP2_ARATH; Floral homeotic protein APETALA 2
TrEMBLA0A2P5B2H30.0A0A2P5B2H3_PARAD; AP2/ERF transcription factor
STRINGXP_010109804.10.0(Morus notabilis)
Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
LineageOrthologous Group IDTaxa NumberGene Number
FabidsOGEF37843463
Best hit in Arabidopsis thaliana ? help Back to Top
Hit ID E-value Description
AT4G36920.21e-122AP2 family protein
Publications ? help Back to Top
  1. Duarte JM, et al.
    Expression pattern shifts following duplication indicative of subfunctionalization and neofunctionalization in regulatory genes of Arabidopsis.
    Mol. Biol. Evol., 2006. 23(2): p. 469-78
    [PMID:16280546]
  2. Thamilarasan SK,Park JI,Jung HJ,Nou IS
    Genome-wide analysis of the distribution of AP2/ERF transcription factors reveals duplication and CBFs genes elucidate their potential function in Brassica oleracea.
    BMC Genomics, 2014. 15: p. 422
    [PMID:24888752]
  3. Zhang GB,Yi HY,Gong JM
    The Arabidopsis ethylene/jasmonic acid-NRT signaling module coordinates nitrate reallocation and the trade-off between growth and environmental adaptation.
    Plant Cell, 2014. 26(10): p. 3984-98
    [PMID:25326291]
  4. Ranocha P,Francoz E,Burlat V,Dunand C
    Expression of PRX36, PMEI6 and SBT1.7 is controlled by complex transcription factor regulatory networks for proper seed coat mucilage extrusion.
    Plant Signal Behav, 2014. 9(11): p. e977734
    [PMID:25531128]
  5. Djemal R,Khoudi H
    Isolation and molecular characterization of a novel WIN1/SHN1 ethylene-responsive transcription factor TdSHN1 from durum wheat (Triticum turgidum. L. subsp. durum).
    Protoplasma, 2015. 252(6): p. 1461-73
    [PMID:25687296]
  6. Kazan K
    Diverse roles of jasmonates and ethylene in abiotic stress tolerance.
    Trends Plant Sci., 2015. 20(4): p. 219-29
    [PMID:25731753]
  7. Prunet N, et al.
    SQUINT promotes stem cell homeostasis and floral meristem termination in Arabidopsis through APETALA2 and CLAVATA signalling.
    J. Exp. Bot., 2015. 66(21): p. 6905-16
    [PMID:26269626]
  8. Xie W, et al.
    Exploring potential new floral organ morphogenesis genes of Arabidopsis thaliana using systems biology approach.
    Front Plant Sci, 2015. 6: p. 829
    [PMID:26528302]
  9. Zumajo-Cardona C,Pabón-Mora N
    Evolution of the APETALA2 Gene Lineage in Seed Plants.
    Mol. Biol. Evol., 2016. 33(7): p. 1818-32
    [PMID:27030733]
  10. Zhao Y, et al.
    An alternative strategy for targeted gene replacement in plants using a dual-sgRNA/Cas9 design.
    Sci Rep, 2016. 6: p. 23890
    [PMID:27033976]
  11. Gao R,Liu P,Irwanto N,Loh R,Wong SM
    Upregulation of LINC-AP2 is negatively correlated with AP2 gene expression with Turnip crinkle virus infection in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Cell Rep., 2016. 35(11): p. 2257-2267
    [PMID:27473526]
  12. Huang Z, et al.
    APETALA2 antagonizes the transcriptional activity of AGAMOUS in regulating floral stem cells in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    New Phytol., 2017. 215(3): p. 1197-1209
    [PMID:27604611]
  13. Dory M, et al.
    Kinase-Associated Phosphoisoform Assay: a novel candidate-based method to detect specific kinase-substrate phosphorylation interactions in vivo.
    BMC Plant Biol., 2016. 16(1): p. 204
    [PMID:27655033]
  14. Wang P, et al.
    Expansion and Functional Divergence of AP2 Group Genes in Spermatophytes Determined by Molecular Evolution and Arabidopsis Mutant Analysis.
    Front Plant Sci, 2016. 7: p. 1383
    [PMID:27703459]
  15. Sharma P, et al.
    Promoter Trapping and Deletion Analysis Show Arabidopsis thaliana APETALA2 Gene Promoter Is Bidirectional and Functions as a Pollen- and Ovule-Specific Promoter in the Reverse Orientation.
    Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 2017. 182(4): p. 1591-1604
    [PMID:28130768]
  16. Kihira M, et al.
    Arabidopsis thaliana FLO2 is Involved in Efficiency of Photoassimilate Translocation, Which is Associated with Leaf Growth and Aging, Yield of Seeds and Seed Quality.
    Plant Cell Physiol., 2017. 58(3): p. 440-450
    [PMID:28158741]
  17. Balanzà V, et al.
    Genetic control of meristem arrest and life span in Arabidopsis by a FRUITFULL-APETALA2 pathway.
    Nat Commun, 2018. 9(1): p. 565
    [PMID:29422669]
  18. Dotto M,Gómez MS,Soto MS,Casati P
    UV-B radiation delays flowering time through changes in the PRC2 complex activity and miR156 levels in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Cell Environ., 2018. 41(6): p. 1394-1406
    [PMID:29447428]
  19. Song C,Lee J,Kim T,Hong JC,Lim CO
    VOZ1, a transcriptional repressor of DREB2C, mediates heat stress responses in Arabidopsis.
    Planta, 2018. 247(6): p. 1439-1448
    [PMID:29536220]